Ha Giang is a province in northeastern Vietnam,bordering China. Ha Giang has many mountains, many old growth forests, many precious wood, and 1.000 kinds of rare herbs. Ha Giang has special cultural products of more than 20 ethnic, a memorable destination by the natural landscape and people in her
Ha Giang is a province in northeastern Vietnam, bordering Cao Bang province in the east, Yen Bai and Lao Cai province in the west and Tuyen Quang in the south. Northern Ha Giang province share the border with China (border length 274 kilometers)
The topography of Ha Giang province is complex; it can be divided into three regions: upland mountain in the north, valley and rivers. Its climate is moderate, divided into 2 seasons: rainy and dry seasons. Western upland of massif upstream of Chay River, steep slopes, narrow valleys and streams, which was divided into two seasons: rainy and dry seasons. Lowland in the province includes hills, Lo River and Ha Giang town. The average temperature is about 240C-280C, in the winter, temperature can go down to -50C.
According to census on April 1st 2009 Ha Giang population is 724.537 people in which H’Mong accounts for 32% total population, Tay (23.3%), Dao (15.1%), Viet (13.3%) and Nung (9.9%)
Ha Giang has many mountains such as Tay Con Linh with 2.419 meters height, there has many old growth forests, many precious wood, and 1.000 kinds of rare herbs. The animal includes tiger, hemorrhoids, phoenix, pangolin… and hundreds of other birds. Ha Giang has poetic and grandeur upland: Dong Van, Khau Vai love market which attracts a numbers of tourists. Coming to Ha Giang, tourists have opportunity to access the unique culture and traditional products such as: bags, dresses with brilliant pattern. Moreover, tourists can enjoy the fair of uplands and explore exciting experience.
The newly-built house ceremony of the Lo Lo is a highlight of Ha Giang. It lasts about 2 days 2 nights at the new home of the Lo Lo. All people in village pull to celebrate the new house. Spring festival is the festival of H’Mong and Dao, it usually held on the day after lunar New Year and lasts from 3 to 7 days. The festivals include crossbow, throwing pa pao’, and drinking wine… .
In brief, Ha Giang has many unique traditional heritages of more than 20 ethnic, a memorable destination by the natural landscape.
Dong Van karst plateau has an area of 2.350 square kilometers, spreads over four districts of Ha Giang province: Quan Ba, Yen Minh, Dong Van and Meo Vac at an average height of 1.400 - 1.600 meters with a number of beautiful limestone and winding road. Here, scientists have found 33 tectonics heritages, 45 geomorphology heritages and many unique fossils in sedimentary rock, which creates opportunities for the tourist attraction, brings income for indigenous people.
From Ha Giang town, along 4C Highway about 50 kilometers, tourists step into Quan Ba districts with spectacular and grandeur mountain scenery. In the journey to the rocky plateau, visitors can enjoy the beauty of Can Ty Pass. Dong Van karst plateau has 80% limestone, is one of the most distinctive karst in Vietnam with black and majestic boulders. The shapes of boulders are created by environmental conditions and different stages of development. Here, the whole scene is rocks with various shapes such as petals, flowers, flower branch (Khau vai rock garden, Veo Vac District) or the shape of tiger (Lung Cu rock garden). Van Chai rock garden has green grass that creates the majestic and grandeur beauty for landscape.
Besides the geological value, Dong Van karst plateau also attracts tourists by the unique cultural and spiritual values associated with the ethnic Mong, Dao, Lo Lo… living on the plateau. They picked up stones to build house, walls. They carved stone to grow corn. They renovated the mountainside into a vast of rice. The beauty and grandeur of Dong Van plateau comes from not only the huge natural boulders but also the fair of the H’mong, Dao, Lo Lo… In the morning, ethnic people from neighbor districts come to fair with colorful costumes.
From the geological unique, in the end of 2010, Dong Van karst plateau was recognized as the first geological park of Vietnam and Geoparks of the world. Dong Van karst plateau is one of the special limestone mountain, including the marks of the history of the earth’s crust process and tradition of indigenous communities.
Dong Van karst plateau has all elements convergence to become global Geoparks. Rocky plateau also has national relic such as: mansion of Vuong family, Lung Cu flag pole, Dong Van ancient, Ma Li Peng pass, Quan Ba Twin Mountain…
Dong Van is an upland district of Ha Giang, it is far about 146 kilometers from Ha Giang. Dong Van has Lung Cu that is concerned as 'the roof of Vietnam', famous for natural scenery, fruits and precious herbs... The district has 19 communes, in which there has 9 communes bordering with China. In the winter, temperature down to 10C, the highest temperature in the summer is only 240C.
Dong Van is famous for delicious fruit such as: peaches, plums, pears, apples… and precious medicinal plants such as: ventricles, salmon, cinnamon… This place inspires for artists to create the unique painting about: mountains, rice terraces…
Dong Van is the northernmost district of Ha Giang province. It is located in the ruggered rock upland of our nation. Here, visitors will have opportunity to admire the beautiful scenery and know more about everyday life of Dong Van people, one of the points that visitors should visit the Dong Van market. Dong Van market which has trading of ethnic such as: Tay, Nung, Han, Mong, Hoa, Dao, Kinh…
The market meets on Sunday every week and holidays, New Year. Market located at the root of Don Cao Mountain, beside the Dong Van ancient town. The whole market is designed with the style of Vietnam-China and it has interference with feng shui plateau. There has the rows of stone pillars with sophisticated carve. Dong Van market situated in the middle of Dong Van highland valley basin as an impressive point. This market is designed with U-shape structure and architecture on stone was built during the period from 1925 to 1928.
From a distance, visitors will contemplate the wonderful and vivid scene of upland fair. From the porch, the seller and the buyer exchange goods by their language. Inside the market, there has range of merchandises that show all kind of items along with the sale of livestock and poultry to serve the needs of customers. Like some other upland fairs, Dong Van fair severs ethnic cuisine such as: Thang co, triangle cake, corn wine… Here, visitors will has chance to soak into vivid atmosphere and learn more about the Dong Van ancient town. In addition, coming to Dong Van is opportunity to test your courage by passing abyss.
Dong Van old quarter-100 years old located in Dong Van District, Dong Van, Ha Giang. With the ancient architecture, it still keeps intact contour. Dong Van old quarter is the pride of people here. The lifestyle and daily life of ethnic people such as: Kinh, Tay, Mong, Hoa... is very impressive.
Dong Van Town is located in the middle of valley surrounded by rocks. In the morning, picture of old quarter is blended two colors: bright yellow of the sunshine and gray of ancient houses. The quarter is formed form the early 20th century, only has a few families of the H’mong, Tay and Chinese, gradually, more and more other local residents find it. Overall, old quarter has Chinese’s architecture with two-story houses of yin and yang roofs, red lantem…
From above looking down, next to three markets arranged in U-shape with yin and yang roofs are two ancient streets that lead to the mountain. A mainly residential area of the Tay and dozens of ancient houses is concerned as the important part of Dong Van old quarter. According to documents from a workshop about Dong Van old quarter, there have about 40 ancient houses with 100 years old. Especially, there has a house nearly 200 years old of Mr. Luong Huy Ngo, built in 1860.
The common architecture here is the two-story house and yin and yang roofs. Besides, Dong Van market area has tubular ancient houses to use advantages as Ha Noi old quarter. From 2006, Dong Van district held “night in old quater” in March on 14, 15, 16 lunar calendar. All households in the old quarter hang red lanterns, display ethnic brocade, and sell traditional food. “Night in old quarter” in Dong Van karst plateau is also working for propagation to attract tourists. Tourists can learn more about culture of ethnic people through local people and soak into dance of the Lo Lo, enjoy traditional dishes such as: Thang Co, Men Men, Ta Chua, of the H’Mong and visit the area display local produce.
Dong Van old quarter is an ideal destination in the North of Vietnam, which preserves the tradition and cultural intangible values of ethnic people.
Twin Mountain is located along Highway 4C, it is far about 40 kilometers from Ha Giang town, belongs to Quan Ba district, Ha Giang province. From a distance, Quan Ba Twin Mountain looks like two cherries as an art of nature. The mountain associates with a touching legend.
Visitors have the opportunity to admire the art of the nature give to this land. Between the mountain and rice terraces, there have mountains with strange shape that make visitors surprise by the spectacular beauty of the nature. Two mountains associated with the legend “Co Tien Mountain” very interesting.
It is said that, in this area, there has a handsome H’Mong and have talent blowing “dan moi”. Sound of “dan moi” flies and flies away forever. There has a fairy in heaven with name “Hoa Dao”, she hears the sound of “dan moi” and tries to find the way to come the earth. And she falls in love with him. He became the husband of the fairy.
Ngoc Hoang found Hoa Dao fly to the earth, which makes him angry. She begged to have custody of baby boy but could not do it. So that she had left her breast to her son. Later, her breast turned into twin mountain of Co Tien Mountain. According to the legend, the milk from her breast creates the cool climate, fruits and vegetable has delicious flavors. Tears of her turned into Mien River, embracing the silvers of land behind the legendary gate.
Quan Ba Twin Mountain is a beautiful symbols of the Dong Van highland, which is the crystalline beauty of nature and tectonic. With this value, the mountain is recognized the national scenic spot by the Ministry of Culture Sport and tourism Vietnam. This is also a pride point to Dong Van highland is more attractive to tourists. The number of tourists to Ha Giang cannot help admiring the spectacular beauty of the mountains, the unique gift which heaven bless for Ha Giang.
The mansion of Vuong family ( Vuong Chi Sinh) located in Xa Phin districts, Dong Van, Ha Giang. It is far about 24 kilometers from Dong Van. This is a beautiful and unique architecture of upland. The structure has been classified as a relic from 1993.
The road leads to the mansion is paved with boulder. At the entrance, many visitors take photograph with Dui lian. The mansion of Vuong family is situated at 1600 meters height above sea level; the mansion was built in turtle-shaped hill, looking to the south. The structure has shape of word “Vuong”. Through the time, the mansion still retains the original appearance. This place which converges all unique architectures of upland is not large but it has a beautiful architectural structure. Vuong mansion was built by the skillful of craftsmen who came from Yunnan (China) along with the best of the H’Mong workers. Therefore, the structure has architecture of China reign of Thanh combined with essence of the H’Mong.
All parts of structure are carved sophisticated into dragon, phoenixes, bats… shapes symbolizing longevity, prosperity of the family. In the house, there hang a picture of Nguyen dynasty. The whole of mansion has an area of 1.120m2 with 64 different rooms including living room, office, bedroom, family member’s room, kitchen, opium storage…
The mansion has three stilted houses. The main house faces the gate, two houses parallel and perpendicular to the main house. All stilted houses were made of wood. The main house is the place of Vuong Chinh Duc, the other houses for soldiers who server and protect the mansion. Apart from the main area, the mansion also was designed living room, pool… These items are built in accordance with the practices of the H’Mong living in highland. The wall is built around with military guards to ensure the security of the whole building. Besides, Ha Giang Provincial museum has display more of its artifacts reflect the cultural life and productive labor of the H’Mong.
Today, the mansion has been classified by the State as the national architectural relic, primarily to serve tourists to visit and learn more about history. The descendants of Vuong’s family were built the houses in front of the mansion by Ha Giang province. Architectural relics of Vuong family mansion is concerned as a green gem in the heart of Dong Van upland.
Lung Cu belongs to Dong Van district, Ha Giang. It is far about 200 kilometer from Ha Giang town. Here, visitors will have the opportunity to enjoy fresh air, learn more about cultural traditional of a unique ethnic. Along highway 4C, tourists will arrive in Dong Van commune, Dong Van District. From here, continuing follow the paved road linking the Lung Cu commune-Dong Van about 40 kilometers, visitors will come to the top of Lung Cu.
From a distance, Lung Cu is so beautiful. This land has third-fours stone, the national flagpole like Hanoi flagpole. When approached, the beauty will become more vivid. The flagpole is situated in Dragon Mountain, at the foot of the pole; it is carved reliefs with a clear pattern of Dong Son bronze drum. If tourists contemplate carefully, tourists will explore in the middle of Dragon Mountain has a large grotto, people here called “Si Ma Khan” grotto.
Lung Cu has a total area of 3460 hectares with 9 villages, there are: Lo Lo Chai, Seo Lung, Ta Gia Khau, Can Tang, Then Van, Then Pa, Si Man Khan, San Cho, San Sa Phin and borders with China more than 16 kilometers. Here, in the winter, it is very cold and has snow. Among 9 villages, Lung Cu Thi Seo Lung village located in uppermost land with Then Phan valley on the left and Nho Que River on the right.
Ethnic people in Lung Cu mainly cultivate. The H’Mong and Lo Lo still preserve the traditional weaving. Specially, Lung Cu also reserves historical artifacts, precious cultural artifacts of the reign of Hung Vuong. According to historical records, on the Tay Son dynasty, Emperor Quang Trung putted in place a large drum and the position of the drum is Lung Cu. Therefore, the Lo Lo in Lung Cu is proficient in using bronze drum.
Moreover, this place has Shan tea, honey wine, corn wine, peach blossom, white snow and thang co in each fair…along with the traditional cultural characteristics of ethnic people such as: H’Mong, Lo Lo, Giay… Lung Cu has fascinating in its beauty to attract many tourists. Indeed, if tourists have a chance to come here in the spring, visitors will be enjoyed the fresh air, the sound of love melody of the H’Mong.
Ma Pi Leng Pass belongs to Ha Giang province; it is dangerous road with 20 kilometers length. Over the Ma Pi Leng, there has a mountain with 2.000 meters height located on the 'Happiness' road connecting Ha Giang, Dong Van and Meo Vac town. Ma Pi Leng began building from the 60s of the 20th century by workers who almost are the H'mong.
The path length is approximately 200 kilometers. Ma Pi Leng Pass is located in the Dong Van Geoparks which is recognized as the global geoparks. The road along the mountainside has romantic, spectacular scenery that is ideal destination for tourists.
Ma Pi Leng Pass is not long but it is the most dangerous pass in the northern border mountain area. It is considered as the “King” of the Vietnam’s pass or Great Wall of Vietnam or the Pyramid of the Meo. At the top of Ma Pi Leng mount is the “happiness” road, there has a stone stele recording the marks in the construction process.
November 16th 2009, Ministry of Culture, Sport and tourism of Vietnam has decided to classify Ma Pi Leng area as scenic relic of country. It includes: Ma Pi Leng pass is considered the unique regional heritage about landscape and geomorphology; pass peak area is considered as one of the most beautiful viewpoint to enjoy the panoramic in Vietnam; alley Nho Que River is one of the most unique tectonic valley in Vietnam. There have many writers, poets visiting the grandeur pass such as Xuan Dieu, Nguyen Ngoc… and the impression inspires in their compositions.
Scenery in Ma Pi Leng pass is unique with majestic and wild beauty. Looking to the north and northeast, thousands of gray mountains concatenate to the horizon. Net to the road is abyss, below is the Nho Que River with cool water.
Nho Que River flows from the area of Nghiem Son Mountain that is 1500 meters height. This river is not too long, about 46 kilometers, in which the upper area accounts for more than 5 kilometers is the border of two countries Vietnam - China, the rest part flows through Ha Giang and Cao Bang province.
Thanks to the advantage of upper area with quite slope, strong flow through ruggered rock, it creates waterfall in the middle of the valley. Nho Que River flows through the Tu San canyon and Ma Pi Leng Pass of Meo Vac district, it is far about 15kilometers from Lung Cu.
Trails from Dong Van to the Tu San western ravine are vey deserted and winding. With narrow path, a lot of ruggered rock, it makes people scare when contemplateing abyss. However, visitors can enjoy red bombax throughout the rice terraces in the mountainside, back pass and the image of Nho Que River.
The catchment has an area of 6052 km ² (2010 km² in Vietnam). Nho Que is a major tributary on the right bank of the Nhiem River. This is the river brings economic value to locals: serving plentiful water to agricultural activities in the dry season.
It is also a beautiful destination for tourists. Standing on Ma Pi leng mount, tourists can contemplate a river like a silky fillet looming in fog which brings tourists a pleasant sensation of a naturally romantic masterpiece. The river is concerned as the mysterious of nature.
The whole populations of Nam Dan ancient rock is located between Tay Dan Mountain and Nam Dan hill, close to the Nam Khoong stream at 1400 meters height compared to sea level. The Nam Dan ancient rock was discovered in 2004 by researchers at the Institute of Archaeology and museum of Ha Giang.
Nam Dan ancient rock situated in an area of nearly 15 hectares, it is far Xin Man, Ha Giang about 16 kilometers. This place has 8 ancient carved relics, 2 ancient stone relics and a number of boulders with strange shapes. The patterns in the Nam Dan ancient rock include circle, triangular, rectangular or trapezoidal, the pattern of hand or leg with real size.
In the population of ancient rock, there have 2 boulders that are called big stone of prehistoric people. The first boulder is far about 700 meters from ancient carved stone to the east; it is magma boulder with 2.3 meters length, 1 meter width. On the surface and at the edge of the stone also retains the status of natural weathering. The second boulder is located far about 70 meters from the first boulder to the west.
According to scientists, Nam Dan megalithic relic is the type of archaeological relics dating about 2,000 years and very rare in Vietnam. The boulders are maybe the grave of leaders or spiritual area, worship of gods, ancestors. In addition, the scientists think that Nam Dan megalithic relic related to the worship gods of prehistoric people.
Take along the trail of the mountainside through the megalithic relic about 500meters is the rock area which has ancient carved in the middle of the H’Mong. In the whole of Nam Dan commune, there have 4 ancient carved boulders but the rock in Nam Dan village has many carved figures with 79 figure includes: 40 circles, 2 rectangle, 1 square… The drawing in the Nam Dan ancient cultural population describe human activities, terraces, streams, moon, many circles, hands, legs… In order to create the drawing on stone, people use the direct carved technique in the surface of rock.
Until now, in Vietnam, the trail of the prehistoric plastic arts found quite a few. It can be said Nam Dan ancient rock has special cultural value and scientific research value. Nam Dan has a huge potential tourism and attractions for tourists.
Khau Vai love market belongs to Khau Vai commune, Meo Vac District, Ha Giang, province. This is a unique market of Vietnam in particular and the world in general. The Khau Vai fair is located in the village of the Nung, in a wide valley and full of people. There have colorful costumers of the ethnic H’Mong, Dao, Giay, Nung… The girls, boys even elder are not hiding restless in the face.
From the previous day, canvas-tents were built throughout the valley; the most numerous is place buying corn wine, thang co… In the evening before, many couples follow the mountainside to the Khau Vai love market on time.
Life in the mountains is often tedious. One year has only fair so many families include parents, father in law, son come to love market for fun. Even more couples got married more than 10 years and have 4 children try to join the special fair in this year.
The oldest person of Khau Vai commune did not know the time that Khau Vai love market began. According to the legend, the love story between the boy of the H’Mong and the girl of the Giay led to the grudge between two tribes. In order to avoid a bloody confrontation, they were forced away from each other. However, the boy and the girl vowed that they would meet once on the March 26th at Khau Vai market. Khau Vai love market began from that. Up to now, Khau Vai love market became the dating fair, finding love from young to married people.
Khau Vai love market at night becomes more quite, the only conversation and sound of “khen”. If visitors have opportunities to come this market, they will have unforgettable impression.
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